Radio Frequency Identification Technology And RFID System Components

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a wireless communication technology derived from radar technology in 1960. It is characterized by identifying specific targets through radio signals, reading and writing relevant data, and exchanging data with identified targets. Many people are not familiar with the name, and even think it is irrelevant, but in fact, RFID technology is closely related to people's daily life, such as ID cards, bus cards, campus cards, etc. Today we will talk about radio frequency identification technology and systems.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a non-contact automatic identification technology. Its basic principle is to use the transmission characteristics of radio frequency signals and space coupling (inductive or electromagnetic coupling) or radar reflection to realize the recognition of the identified objects automatic identification. The RFID system includes at least two parts, the electronic tag and the reader. The electronic tag is the data carrier of the video recognition system. The electronic tag is composed of a tag antenna and a tag-specific chip. According to the different power supply methods of the electronic tag, the electronic tag can be divided into active electronic tags (Active tag), passive electronic tag (Passive tag) and semi-passive electronic tag (Semi-passive tag).

Active electronic tags are equipped with batteries, passive RFID tags do not have built-in batteries, and semi-passive electronic tags rely on batteries to work. Electronic tags can be divided into low-frequency electronic tags, high-frequency electronic tags, UHF electronic tags and Microwave electronic label. According to different packaging forms, it can be divided into credit card labels, linear labels, paper labels, glass tube labels, round labels and special-purpose special-shaped labels, etc.
The RFID reader (reader) communicates wirelessly with the RFID electronic tag through the antenna, and can read or write the tag identification code and memory data. A typical reader consists of explosive modules (transmitter and receiver), control unit and reader antenna.

The basic composition of the RFID system has three parts, namely:

①Tag: Composed of coupling elements and chips, each tag has a unique electronic code, which is attached to the object to identify the target object;
② Reader (Reader): A device that reads and writes tag information, mainly divided into handheld and fixed;
③ Antenna (Antenna): transmit radio frequency signals between the tag and the reader.

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